Spring is one of the simplest elements of the mechanism designed for the accumulation of energy. Under the influence of some of the spring changes its original form, and after unloading returns to the basic state. In operating mode, the spring may be subjected to compressive strain, tension, torsion and bending, making the springs is a specialized process that consists of several industrial and technological stages: calculation of the springs, the design of springs, spring winding (the formation of a twisted form) and hardening springs. Procedures such as replacing the springs and the springs of sale production process are not included. At the stage of the calculation of the springs is determined by its basic performance, ability to withstand the specified load. The operating mode is characterized by spring dynamic parameters such as speed and load cycles. The main tasks consist in the industry to raise the efficiency of production, its technical level and improve product quality in order to more fully ensure that all sectors of the economy with more advanced means of production – high-performance machines, equipment and devices, high-quality raw materials, and the population – those goods in wide range. Spring – part of a machine or mechanism that serves for the temporary storage of energy due to elastic deformation under the influence of the load.
Upon termination of the spring gives the stored energy and recovers its original shape. The springs are widely used in railway transportation, automotive, mechanical engineering, instrument and other industries. The springs are used in As the engine of the clock mechanism. Energy use in spring lever bolt firearms. From the quality of manufactured springs depends on the reliability and stability of the arrangements.
One of the main parameters springs are its hardness, which is the ratio of compression work to the boom. The procedure is done manually winding a spring using a specially adapted to this lathe or specialized machines for spring coiling. The basic material for the manufacture of springs is steel. In cold coiling to make extension springs and compression springs used carbon steel spring wire (GOST 9389-75). The level of material quality is characterized by the values of ultimate tensile strength, proportional limit stress and elongation.